怎样快速记谱(中英对照)

How can I quickly memorize a piece?

: S3 Z$ k8 L7 T2 kThere are many approaches to take, and it''s probably a good idea to use
1 A* S# m; j6 w& nas many of them as possible.
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First, try to learn what the large scale structure of the piece is. Is it
! @3 _, q8 }+ d+ ?4 C: E4 [binary? Ternary? Rondo? That way you are basically beginning by cutting
it up into more manageable chunks.
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Second, look for phrasing and other types of musical structures.

Try to learn it by ear (can you sing the piece all the way through without
( z/ X% H/ @7 L1 wthe music or the guitar?). This is easier for people who are more "aurally"
orientated (like me).

  S, G& c: A3 ~. d1 ~( |  bIf you are more "visual" try to memorize the page to as great an extent as
you can. The harp prof here gave a lecture about memory & learning
* z2 v, q# ~! d! k$ S6 K: dtechniques, and said that visual memory really was more stimulated by
9 x3 v+ [0 l5 |6 k; {5 O5 hlooking up (and to the left, I think) so if you can, try placing your music
stand VERY high (for practice & learning) such that you are looking UP at
& V( Z1 _3 t3 T, s' b- g! I8 [! O& Fthe music.

I knew many guitarists in Spain who memorized the solfege syllables - they
could sing their pieces from start to finish (mi re mi fa mi re mi...)
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Try to memorize the piece starting at the back (This is a tip from David
Russell) - we always go from front to back, often bogging down, so usually,
8 U( [1 B# z0 k. v& k( o# Nthe farther into a piece we go, the less familiar & comfortable it is. If
you learn the LAST measure, then the next to last measure, etc. you are
7 ^) @/ W8 P$ |! q- rsetting up a situation where the farther you go, the MORE familiar and
/ ]- N- Y0 b7 x5 f3 T- zcomfortable things are.

This also brings up the issue of learning single measures (apart from
whatever musical context they might have). Jose Tomas used this technique
  @# @6 o' f* {3 r8 e3 I7 n9 pas a way for his students to learn 30 minutes of *new* repertoire in
1 month: at the beginning, make a learning plan, in which you assing
yourself X measures to learn each day, making sure that every day you
; A/ Z1 d8 Y5 X! Ylearn some of every piece (instead of working on piece A, then later
starting on piece B, etc.). Learning very short chunks helps you program
2 w: U3 K! H( @& y: i  }' _your physical movements much better.

6 C, g- d4 @! g3 WThis brings up the even more excruciating techniques suggested by Manuel
Barrueco. Make sure you know your right and left hand fingerings so
) l3 c; y, w, `# L, {! O: I. ~thoroughly that you can do either separately.
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0 ~* \! l' a9 x3 A8 rFor example, play the piece with the right hand only (i.e. all open
- v0 S( h3 `4 v/ b; Z9 Lstrings, but using the *EXACT* right hand fingerings).

/ E; t9 Q0 v+ ?; d: x( Q7 A! R' ^5 AThen, try playing the left hand alone. This is a bit harder, because it
doesn''t really necessarily function as well without the precision of the
5 c4 p; G3 _3 `" I) d/ h! G. Oright hand. Barrueco''s solution is to mis-tune the guitar to some random
4 }0 m, N& J! z$ \+ x; Ctuning (i.e. 6th to F, 5th to Ab, 3rd to G#, 1st to D#)...then play your
! N. |& Y4 s! ~, K9 |" J. L8 i  kpiece, concentrating on plainingg the fingering perfectly.
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- o- y9 s! W3 n( W/ W! ~* vThis is an excruciatingly difficult thing to do if you are primarily
! y7 _; q* _+ Z. man "aural" type (I am) - but it''s good, the totally "wrong-sounding"
  C+ l* p0 E# h2 G$ v( ?nature of this forces you to fight to not be distracted and concentrate
+ b' g5 q7 J) v# h# `6 [on playing the fingering right.
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Do this *very* slowly to practice the fingering without relying on your


+ b: h4 H. U; G  S6 P. ~附"反弹吉他"的翻译:

, u- A9 L2 I" l% z当回好人，给大致翻译一下：

7 Z1 ~( S$ s# L( Z怎样快速记住一个曲子

有很多办法，最好尽量综合使用
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首先是分析曲式，看看是2段体，3段体还是回旋曲，这样就可以把曲子分割成容易对付的几块，
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然后看每个段落和乐句，
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; o/ |5 ?2 l. @0 Y用耳朵记住整个曲子，你能不能不听录音，不用吉他把整个曲子唱出来？这个方法适合听觉导向的记忆者，
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视觉导向的把谱子放在高处往上看更容易记住，

6 _! U: T) {9 V( L很多西班牙的演奏家能从头到尾把曲子唱出来，3234323。。。。
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大卫罗素从后边往前背。。。。

何塞托马斯教学生用1个月记住一个30分钟的曲子，方法是订个计划，把曲子分成小块，每天学一块，顺序任意。。。。

; [: y! U# x& c5 B' j/ f  |; @更精确的办法就是象八路爱科一样记住两手的指法，直到可以两手单独运动，
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比如，光弹右手，都是空弦，指法要精确。。。
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还可以只按左手，八路为了集中精力，把琴弦都给调乱了，这样就不会用右手了，对听觉记忆导向的人这样很难，但是很有效。。。

很慢的这样练习
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