怎样快速记谱(中英对照)

How can I quickly memorize a piece?
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1 L  f: U. I3 Z) `% ]There are many approaches to take, and it''s probably a good idea to use
4 `/ A. d; s5 t: W" Mas many of them as possible.
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$ i6 |3 I  [& t! n( XFirst, try to learn what the large scale structure of the piece is. Is it
2 E2 T- N8 F, G+ H* cbinary? Ternary? Rondo? That way you are basically beginning by cutting
it up into more manageable chunks.
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Second, look for phrasing and other types of musical structures.

Try to learn it by ear (can you sing the piece all the way through without
! `" E$ k4 h% d$ g) cthe music or the guitar?). This is easier for people who are more "aurally"
orientated (like me).
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# s2 s: T; Y+ k  J% mIf you are more "visual" try to memorize the page to as great an extent as
you can. The harp prof here gave a lecture about memory & learning
. Q. x! D, L1 @7 o' Otechniques, and said that visual memory really was more stimulated by
looking up (and to the left, I think) so if you can, try placing your music
stand VERY high (for practice & learning) such that you are looking UP at
, J# B7 _& D& O# B1 dthe music.
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I knew many guitarists in Spain who memorized the solfege syllables - they
' J9 Z. P: N/ y5 A8 ccould sing their pieces from start to finish (mi re mi fa mi re mi...)

- ^, ?; P& g) i) Z* z# q5 lTry to memorize the piece starting at the back (This is a tip from David
- y3 W1 ], M! K9 k- Z& |8 X6 qRussell) - we always go from front to back, often bogging down, so usually,
the farther into a piece we go, the less familiar & comfortable it is. If
1 G- s+ p; S1 k" u, Hyou learn the LAST measure, then the next to last measure, etc. you are
setting up a situation where the farther you go, the MORE familiar and
* I$ U+ e$ M, N  }- w" N+ U" Lcomfortable things are.

This also brings up the issue of learning single measures (apart from
8 t4 R3 {" b2 |$ Awhatever musical context they might have). Jose Tomas used this technique
2 N" }. G/ A/ K& m3 U1 h2 u8 Las a way for his students to learn 30 minutes of *new* repertoire in
1 month: at the beginning, make a learning plan, in which you assing
yourself X measures to learn each day, making sure that every day you
learn some of every piece (instead of working on piece A, then later
8 T0 C# J5 X5 m# l- L" qstarting on piece B, etc.). Learning very short chunks helps you program
- E+ E2 K- ]1 N* K% ~5 oyour physical movements much better.

" S6 z+ N$ ^- ]( TThis brings up the even more excruciating techniques suggested by Manuel
Barrueco. Make sure you know your right and left hand fingerings so
: }) \9 R! b6 e3 R# W: ~! m3 bthoroughly that you can do either separately.
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8 e* u9 ?2 |1 O6 |# @" @; pFor example, play the piece with the right hand only (i.e. all open
- ?/ g7 T9 ^& Y, Gstrings, but using the *EXACT* right hand fingerings).
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# y* _8 k: X  M! @) {2 ]Then, try playing the left hand alone. This is a bit harder, because it
' C/ l6 a" a% jdoesn''t really necessarily function as well without the precision of the
+ L9 P6 j" X# L4 ^; p( Dright hand. Barrueco''s solution is to mis-tune the guitar to some random
tuning (i.e. 6th to F, 5th to Ab, 3rd to G#, 1st to D#)...then play your
piece, concentrating on plainingg the fingering perfectly.
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4 Y9 a; |" d8 ^: A( zThis is an excruciatingly difficult thing to do if you are primarily
an "aural" type (I am) - but it''s good, the totally "wrong-sounding"
2 }' L& _, U7 D5 ~  ]% L/ v+ Bnature of this forces you to fight to not be distracted and concentrate
on playing the fingering right.
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Do this *very* slowly to practice the fingering without relying on your
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附"反弹吉他"的翻译:

0 I/ G  X$ p7 T4 ^当回好人，给大致翻译一下：

8 g/ P* J: ^, E8 @) N( m9 ~怎样快速记住一个曲子
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有很多办法，最好尽量综合使用
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+ e, d3 M0 b5 q  T" V* y首先是分析曲式，看看是2段体，3段体还是回旋曲，这样就可以把曲子分割成容易对付的几块，

然后看每个段落和乐句，

9 D: b. M( ]% O; U2 l0 M5 a! d用耳朵记住整个曲子，你能不能不听录音，不用吉他把整个曲子唱出来？这个方法适合听觉导向的记忆者，

( ~( r( @( Z0 q视觉导向的把谱子放在高处往上看更容易记住，

! Y( |4 A: I: M5 l0 \8 Y- @, Q很多西班牙的演奏家能从头到尾把曲子唱出来，3234323。。。。

8 [$ t) i; O; e- W大卫罗素从后边往前背。。。。
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何塞托马斯教学生用1个月记住一个30分钟的曲子，方法是订个计划，把曲子分成小块，每天学一块，顺序任意。。。。
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更精确的办法就是象八路爱科一样记住两手的指法，直到可以两手单独运动，

! s1 ~; D" _& ~比如，光弹右手，都是空弦，指法要精确。。。
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9 q& ^3 Z: p% D6 s- Z还可以只按左手，八路为了集中精力，把琴弦都给调乱了，这样就不会用右手了，对听觉记忆导向的人这样很难，但是很有效。。。

很慢的这样练习
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